What is dollar lock in Google Sheets?
An absolute reference keeps a row, column, or both fixed when you copy a formula, usually with dollar signs in A1 notation. Use it when a formula should always point at one anchor cell, like a tax rate in $B$1. See also the absolute-reference glossary page.
When to use it
Use dollar lock when writing or auditing formulas that must point at the right cells after copy, fill, or sheet changes.
When to skip it
Skip worrying about dollar lock when a named range, QUERY, or pivot already expresses the logic more clearly.
Better Sheets resources
Related Tutorials
Watch how dollar lock works
Ultimate Checklist in Google Sheets
Password Protecting Data In a Google Sheet
Currency Exchange Tricks In Google Sheets
Lock Your Sheets with OnlySheets
Google Sheet Basics - The Absolute Basics
Related blog posts
Guides that explain dollar lock in more depth.
Roasting Google Sheets
Dive into Google Sheets with Expert Insights. Free Tutorials, Templates & Tools Await You. Enhance Your Skills Today!
Read post →The Simplest Bestest Checklist in Google Sheets
Build the ultimately, best, and simplest checklist. Designed well, and FUN to fill out!
Read post →Protect Your Formulas from Accidental Deletion in Google Sheets
Ever spent hours crafting the perfect formula in Google Sheets, only to accidentally delete it? It's a frustrating experience that can derail your productivity. Fear not! In this guide, we'll unveil some clever tricks to safeguard your hard work.
Read post →Related terms
Absolute reference ($)
Absolute references lock row, column, or both with dollar signs so a formula keeps pointing at the same cell when you copy it. $A$1 locks both axes. A$1 locks the row. $A1 locks the column. Mixed locks are how tax rates stay in one settings cell while a formula fills down a thousand rows.
Read guide →Open range reference
An open range reference points at an entire row, column, or unbounded slice such as B:B or 2:2 instead of a fixed rectangle like B2:B500. Formulas with open ranges include every cell in that line, which is convenient for growing tables but expensive and risky when stray values live far below your data.
Read guide →Named range
A named range gives a block of cells a readable label like Revenue or ValidStatuses instead of only B2:B500. Define names from Data > Named ranges. Formulas, charts, pivot tables, and validation rules can reference the name, which makes models easier to audit and safer when rows shift inside the named block.
Read guide →Google Sheets formulas
A formula is an instruction in a cell that calculates a result from other cells, ranges, or built-in functions. Every formula begins with =. When inputs change, the sheet recalculates so dashboards and models stay live without manual copy-paste. Formulas are the default automation layer inside the grid before Apps Script or add-ons.
Read guide →Done reading about dollar lock?
Membership unlocks 600+ tutorials, unlimited generators, and every template. Practical lessons. Zero fluff.
Need this once
Jump to a free tool or a single tutorial for this topic.
Learning Sheets for real
Unlock the full library, generators, and templates with membership.