What is #circular! in Google Sheets?

When to use it

Use error messages as a checklist when a formula returns an unexpected result or blocks a dependent report.

When to skip it

Do not treat every warning as fatal; some loading or circular notices are expected during imports or iterative models.

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Guides that explain #CIRCULAR! in more depth.

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Related terms

Circular reference

A circular reference happens when a formula chain loops back to the cell you are editing, directly or through other cells. Google Sheets normally blocks this with a warning and may show zero or an error until you break the loop or enable iterative calculation. Most circles in real files are mistakes, not intentional models.

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Formula errors in Google Sheets

Formula errors are typed messages in cells when something prevents a valid result. Each code points to a different failure mode: bad reference, missing lookup, type mismatch, divide by zero, unknown name, or blocked array spill. Learning the vocabulary speeds debugging and keeps dashboards trustworthy for decision makers.

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#REF! error

#REF! means a formula references a cell or range that no longer exists. Common causes include deleted rows or columns, removed sheets, broken IMPORTRANGE, or cut-paste that orphaned an address. The error spreads to every dependent formula until you repair the link.

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#VALUE! error

#VALUE! means Google Sheets cannot interpret an argument as the type the function expects. Common causes include text in a math formula, invalid dates, wrong delimiter locale, or passing a range where a scalar is required.

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#NAME? error

#NAME? means Google Sheets does not recognize a name in your formula. That can be a misspelled function, a named range that does not exist, text used without quotes, or a function name from the wrong language locale.

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