List of 500+ Google Sheet Formulas and How to Use Them

Are you ready to transform your spreadsheets into powerful tools? Transform your analysis, reporting, and data management.


Our curated list of 500+ Google Sheet formulas provides step-by-step guides on using the most popular formulas, like: VLOOKUP, SUMIF, COUNTIF, IF, FILTER, and INDEX.


  • Unlock the potential of VLOOKUP: Perfect for managing inventory.
  • Discover the versatility of SUMIF: ideal for filtering data and summation.
  • Learn the many uses of IF: a powerful tool to build logic in to your spreadsheets.
  • Dive into advanced formulas like INDEX and FILTER: You'll need these for deep analysis.

At Better Sheets, we not only demystify complex formulas but also offer insights into commonly misused ones.


The goal is to help you become a Google Sheets expert, so you can create powerful spreadsheets that save you time and effort.

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Most Used Formulas

VLOOKUP

Use VLOOKUP() when you want a specific value in a column of data. Use VLOOKUP() when you want to retrieve information from a different column based on that value. Great for creating amazing summaries, dynamic reports, or managing inventory

SUMIF

When you need to calculate the sum of values in a range of cells that meet specific criteria, use SUMIF(). Great to use when you need to filter data. For instance, you can use it to sum all the revenue generated from a particular region, all the orders placed by a specific customer, or all the products with a certain attribute.

COUNTIF

Use COUNTIF() when you're trying to figure out frequency. Learn how to use COUNTIF in Google Sheets. Also check out it's possible alternative: SUMIF. Depending on what you're trying to do, COUNTIF could be your solution or not.

Most Popular Formulas

IF

Powerful and mysterious. Use IF() to make your spreadsheets gateways. Learn how to use IF in Google Sheets. Also check out it's oft-partner ISBLANK()

FILTER

the FILTER() formula in Google Sheets allows you to filter data based on a set of criteria. Learn how to use FILTER in Google Sheets. Also check out it's possible combination alternative: INDEX/SORT.

INDEX

A seemingly innocent and useless formula can be so powerful. INDEX pairs nicely with MATCH to replace VLOOKUP. And it's uses are almost endless. Learn more about the INDEX() formula in Google Sheets.

Most Misused Formulas

VLOOKUP

Powerful vlookup and easy to use. Learn how to use VLOOKUP in Google Sheets. Also check out it's possible alternative: INDEX/MATCH.

SUMIF

Don't know the syntax, or how to use SUMIF? Learn how to use SUMIF in Google Sheets. Also check out it's possible alternative: COUNTIF. Depending on what you're trying to do, SUMIF could be your solution or not.

CONCATENATE

Probably the most easily misspelled formula in all of Google Sheets. Learn how to use CONCATENATE in Google Sheets. Also check out it's possible alternative: JOIN.

515Google Sheets Formulas

Directory of every Google Sheets formula, From ABS to ZTEST, including Vlookup and, my favorite, IF()

Generates an array of random numbers between 0 and 1.Common questions about the RANDARRAY formula...
RANDARRAY(rows, columns)
This function creates a new array from the selected columns in the existing range.Common Question...
CHOOSECOLS(array, col_num1, [col_num2])
Returns the standard deviation of an entire population selected from a database table-like array ...
DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria)
Encodes a string of text for the purpose of using in a URL query.Common Questions About The ENCOD...
ENCODEURL(text)
Groups an array by columns by application of a LAMBDA function to each column.Common questions ab...
BYCOL(array_or_range, LAMBDA)
Converts a string in any of the date, time or number formats that Google Sheets understands into ...
VALUE(text)
Returns the position at which a string is first found within text counting each double-character ...
SEARCHB(search_for, text_to_search, [starting_at])
Calculates the frequency distribution of a one-column array into specified classes.Common questio...
FREQUENCY(data, classes)
Given partial data about an exponential growth trend, fits an ideal exponential growth trend and/...
GROWTH(known_data_y, [known_data_x], [new_data_x], [b])
Given partial data about a linear trend, calculates various parameters about the ideal linear tre...
LINEST(known_data_y, [known_data_x], [calculate_b], [verbose])
Returns the number of days between two dates.Common questions about the DAYS formula:- How does t...
DAYS(end_date, start_date)
Returns the decimal Unicode value of the first character of the text.Common questions about the U...
UNICODE(text)
Removes leading and trailing spaces in a specified string.Common Questions about the TRIM Formula...
TRIM(text)
Returns string arguments as text.Common questions about the T formula include: What is the purpos...
T(value)
Converts a decimal number to signed binary format.Common Questions about the DEC2BIN Formula:What...
DEC2BIN(decimal_number, [significant_digits])
Returns the right portion of a string up to a certain number of bytes.Common Questions about the ...
RIGHTB(string, num_of_bytes)
Returns a substring from the end of a specified string.Common questions about the RIGHT formula:1...
RIGHT(string, [number_of_characters])
Calculates last coupon, or interest payment, date before the settlement date.Common questions abo...
COUPPCD(settlement, maturity, frequency, [day_count_convention])
Calculates the cumulative interest over a range of payment periods for an investment based on con...
CUMIPMT(rate, number_of_periods, present_value, first_period, last_period, end_or_beginning)
Calculates the cumulative principal paid over a range of payment periods for an investment based ...
CUMPRINC(rate, number_of_periods, present_value, first_period, last_period, end_or_beginning)
Calculates the discount rate of a security based on price.Common Questions about the DISC Formula...
DISC(settlement, maturity, price, redemption, [day_count_convention])
Calculates the skewness of a dataset, which describes the symmetry of that dataset about the mean...
SKEW(value1, value2)
Converts a price quotation given as a decimal fraction into a decimal value.Common Questions abou...
DOLLARDE(fractional_price, unit)
Converts a price quotation given as a decimal value into a decimal fraction.Common questions abou...
DOLLARFR(decimal_price, unit)
Calculates the annual effective interest rate given the nominal rate and number of compounding pe...
EFFECT(nominal_rate, periods_per_year)
Calculates the future value of an annuity investment based on constant-amount periodic payments a...
FV(rate, number_of_periods, payment_amount, [present_value], [end_or_beginning])
Replaces part of a text string, based on a number of bytes, with a different text string.Common Q...
REPLACEB(text, position, num_bytes, new_text)
Calculates the effective interest rate generated when an investment is purchased at one price and...
INTRATE(buy_date, sell_date, buy_price, sell_price, [day_count_convention])
Calculates the payment on interest for an investment based on constant-amount periodic payments a...
IPMT(rate, period, number_of_periods, present_value, [future_value], [end_or_beginning])
Given an input number, returns `-1` if it is negative, `1` if positive, and `0` if it is zero.Com...
SIGN(value)
Returns the number of columns in a specified array or range.What are the common questions about t...
COLUMNS(range)
Returns the values in the result range based on the position where a match was found in the looku...
XLOOKUP(search_key, lookup_range, result_range, missing_value, [match_mode], [search_mode])
Returns the complex conjugate of a number.Common questions about the IMCONJUGATE formula:-What do...
IMCONJUGATE(number)
Calculates the internal rate of return on an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows....
IRR(cashflow_amounts, [rate_guess])
Calculates the modified Macaulay duration of a security paying periodic interest, such as a US Tr...
MDURATION(settlement, maturity, rate, yield, frequency, [day_count_convention])
Calculates the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the double-declining balance...
DDB(cost, salvage, life, period, [factor])
Checks whether the provided value is odd.Common questions about the ISODD formula include: 1. Wha...
ISODD(value)
The IMCOS function returns the cosine of the given complex number.Common questions about the IMCO...
IMCOS(number)
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x...
IMCOSH(number)
Returns the cosecant of the given complex number.Common Questions about the IMCSC Formula:What is...
IMCSC(number)
Constrains an array result to a specified size.Common Questions about the ARRAY_CONSTRAIN Formula...
ARRAY_CONSTRAIN(input_range, num_rows, num_cols)
Returns the secant of the given complex number. For example, a given complex number "x+yi" return...
IMSEC(number)
Reduces an array to an accumulated result by application of a LAMBDA function to each value.
REDUCE(initial_value, array_or_range, LAMBDA)
Calculates the annual nominal interest rate given the effective rate and number of compounding pe...
NOMINAL(effective_rate, periods_per_year)
Calculates the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a ...
NPV(discount, cashflow1, [cashflow2, ...])
Returns the multiplicative inverse of a square matrix specified as an array or range.Common quest...
MINVERSE(square_matrix)
See FORECASTCommon questions about the FORECAST.LINEAR formula include:- How does FORECAST.LINEAR...
FORECAST.LINEAR(x, data_y, data_x)
Returns the logarithm of a complex number with base 10.Common Questions about the IMLOG10 Formula...
IMLOG10(value)

Displaying items 433-480 of 515 in total